{"id":9844,"date":"2021-06-17T19:37:53","date_gmt":"2021-06-17T11:37:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kafafab.com\/introduction-detaillee-de-la-structure-a-ossature-metallique\/"},"modified":"2023-09-22T13:07:27","modified_gmt":"2023-09-22T05:07:27","slug":"introduction-detaillee-de-la-structure-a-ossature-metallique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kafafab.com\/fr\/introduction-detaillee-de-la-structure-a-ossature-metallique\/","title":{"rendered":"Introduction d\u00e9taill\u00e9e de la structure \u00e0 ossature m\u00e9tallique"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Introduction d\u00e9taill\u00e9e de la structure \u00e0 ossature m\u00e9tallique<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Home<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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La charpente m\u00e9tallique est un syst\u00e8me structurel qui utilise des poutres et des colonnes pour supporter les charges et r\u00e9sister aux forces lat\u00e9rales dans les directions longitudinales et transversales. Elle s’applique g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement aux petits immeubles de faible hauteur et aux grands immeubles de grande hauteur. Et parce que l’acier est un mat\u00c3\u00a9riau de construction tr\u00c3\u00a8s solide, La structure en acier<\/a> est le premier choix pour les b\u00e2timents d’usine, les entrep\u00f4ts et d’autres besoins porteurs. La tige en acier de 1 pouce peut suspendre des objets lourds de 2000 kg \u00c3  20 tonnes pour la translation et le levage dans n’importe quelle position sans endommager le cadre. Par ailleurs, une autre caract\u00e9ristique de la structure en acier tr\u00e8s appr\u00e9ci\u00e9e par les gens est son extr\u00eame flexibilit\u00e9. Face aux catastrophes naturelles telles que la neige abondante, les vents violents et les tremblements de terre violents, la structure en acier transforme la force qu’elle re\u00c3\u00a7oit en sa propre d\u00c3\u00a9formation. Toute rupture contrebalancera l’impact de la force sur le cadre sans \u00eatre d\u00e9chir\u00e9e instantan\u00e9ment comme le ciment. Une autre caract\u00e9ristique importante est la plasticit\u00e9 du cadre en acier. Cela signifie que le cadre en acier se d\u00e9forme dans une certaine mesure lorsqu’il est soumis \u00e0 une forte force ext\u00e9rieure. La d\u00e9faillance \u00e0 long terme de la structure en acier donne aux utilisateurs plus de temps pour r\u00e9agir ou s’\u00e9chapper.<\/p>\n

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Compte tenu des caract\u00e9ristiques susmentionn\u00e9es, la capacit\u00e9 de la structure en acier \u00e0 r\u00e9sister aux catastrophes naturelles est bien meilleure que celle des b\u00e2timents en b\u00e9ton, ce qui explique qu’elle soit le type de construction pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 de nombreuses personnes.<\/p>\n

En ce qui concerne la construction de structures en acier, nous devons \u00e9galement tenir compte des caract\u00e9ristiques n\u00e9gatives de l’acier, \u00e0 savoir que la r\u00e9sistance de l’acier \u00e0 faible teneur en carbone (un mat\u00e9riau de construction courant) diminue g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement \u00e0 500 degr\u00e9s Celsius (930 degr\u00e9s Fahrenheit), de sorte que les structures en acier professionnelles Le fabricant en tiendra pleinement compte et pulv\u00e9risera des rev\u00eatements ignifuges pendant la coul\u00e9e des composants en acier. \u00c3\u2030vitez les accidents au cours desquels la structure en acier s’effondre en raison d’une surchauffe.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Lieux communs pour les structures \u00e0 ossature m\u00e9tallique<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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1. B\u00e2timents publics de grande envergure<\/strong>: La structure en acier est l\u00e9g\u00e8re et r\u00e9sistante. Des structures sans poteaux de grande port\u00e9e peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9es, telles que des stades de grande port\u00e9e, des terrains de baseball, des patinoires int\u00e9rieures, etc.<\/p>\n

2. B\u00e2timents de grande hauteur :<\/strong> p\u00e9riode de construction courte, l\u00e9g\u00e8ret\u00e9 et r\u00e9sistance \u00e9lev\u00e9e. Par exemple : immeubles de bureaux de grande hauteur, halls d’exposition, etc.<\/p>\n

3. B\u00e2timents industriels :<\/strong> grande port\u00e9e, forte r\u00e9sistance au vent et aux tremblements de terre. Par exemple : atelier<\/a>, entrep\u00f4t<\/a>, etc.<\/p>\n

4. B\u00e2timents agricoles<\/a>:<\/strong> grande capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 pr\u00e9venir les maladies et les insectes nuisibles, forte r\u00e9sistance au vent et aux tremblements de terre. Par exemple : \u00e9table, porcherie, etc.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Structure en acier<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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La premi\u00c3\u00a8re est la transformation des \u00c3\u00a9l\u00c3\u00a9ments du cadre en acier. Apr\u00e8s avoir re\u00e7u les ordres de conception correspondants, apr\u00e8s les dessins de conception, lorsque vous nous demandez d’effectuer la production et la transformation de b\u00e2timents pr\u00e9fabriqu\u00e9s. Nous traiterons les composants pertinents dans l’atelier de l’usine selon les dessins correspondants et nous effectuerons la plupart des travaux de transformation dans l’usine. Cela permet de r\u00e9duire consid\u00e9rablement le temps d’installation sur site des b\u00e2timents \u00e0 structure m\u00e9tallique et d’\u00e9conomiser une grande partie des co\u00fbts de construction sur site.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Le second est le lien boulonn\u00e9 fourni au site<\/a>. Lorsque nos \u00e9l\u00e9ments de construction sont livr\u00e9s sur le chantier, le travail requis sur place consiste \u00e0 boulonner les \u00e9l\u00e9ments conform\u00e9ment aux dessins. Il s’agit du plan de construction le plus optimis\u00e9 dans l’ensemble, car de nombreux travaux de construction sont effectu\u00e9s hors site, et le traitement hors site peut bien \u00e9liminer l’impact des facteurs environnementaux. Cela permet d’acc\u00c3\u00a9l\u00c3\u00a9rer la progression de la construction. Veiller \u00c3  ce que le projet respecte le calendrier pr\u00c3\u00a9vu. Selon le cycle de notre construction, il est g\u00c3\u00a9n\u00c3\u00a9ralement d’environ 60 jours.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Type de cadre en acier<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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KAFA dispose d’une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 d’options pour les b\u00e2timents \u00e0 structure m\u00e9tallique<\/a>. Nos options de cadre les plus courantes sont le syst\u00c3\u00a8me de support de colonne, le syst\u00c3\u00a8me de cadre pur et le syst\u00c3\u00a8me de support de cadre.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Syst\u00c3\u00a8me de support de colonnes<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Lorsque le nombre de couches et la hauteur de la structure en acier sont importants. Lorsque les charges portantes, les charges de vent et les tremblements de terre sont les principaux facteurs qui mettent en p\u00e9ril la section des colonnes des b\u00e2timents pr\u00e9fabriqu\u00e9s, il est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement n\u00e9cessaire de pr\u00e9voir des supports entre les colonnes de l’ossature. Assurer la tension entre les piliers pour garantir la stabilit\u00c3\u00a9 de la structure. Lorsqu’il est soumis \u00e0 des vents violents, \u00e0 des tremblements de terre violents et \u00e0 de fortes chutes de neige pour former une pression lat\u00e9rale et longitudinale sur le cadre, il peut augmenter efficacement la rigidit\u00e9 du cadre et am\u00e9liorer la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 du b\u00e2timent.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Syst\u0102\u00a8me de cadre pur<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Au cours du processus de construction, en raison des exigences fonctionnelles, lorsque le nombre d’\u00c3\u00a9tages et la hauteur de la structure en acier sont faibles, le support inter-colonnes n’est souvent pas install\u00c3\u00a9. En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, des colonnes de plus grande section sont utilis\u00e9es pour construire des b\u00e2timents pr\u00e9fabriqu\u00e9s afin de r\u00e9sister aux vents violents, \u00e0 la neige abondante et aux tremblements de terre violents. La force horizontale et la force longitudinale r\u00c3\u00a9duisent la force entre les couches. Cette m\u00e9thode interm\u00e9diaire est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement utilis\u00e9e pour construire un syst\u00e8me de support sans poteaux \u00e0 grande port\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Syst\u0102\u00a8me de support de cadre<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Support flexible et support rigide:<\/strong>Le contreventement transversal est un syst\u00e8me de contreventement standard pour les toits, les murs lat\u00e9raux et les pignons dans les b\u00e2timents \u00e0 structure m\u00e9tallique l\u00e9g\u00e8re. Il existe deux types de supports transversaux : les supports flexibles et les supports rigides. Les \u00e9l\u00e9ments de support flexibles sont des c\u00e2bles en acier galvanis\u00e9, de l’acier rond, des bandes d’acier ou des corni\u00e8res d’acier. En raison de la longueur et de l’\u00e9lancement relativement importants des \u00e9l\u00e9ments, ceux-ci peuvent difficilement \u00eatre comprim\u00e9s. Sous l’action d’une charge longitudinale dans une direction, l’un est tir\u00c3\u00a9 et l’autre est hors service. Lors de la conception d’un support flexible, une pr\u00e9contrainte peut \u00eatre appliqu\u00e9e au c\u00e2ble m\u00e9tallique et \u00e0 l’acier rond pour compenser la pression g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e par son propre poids, de sorte que le poids de l’\u00e9l\u00e9ment peut \u00eatre ignor\u00e9 dans le calcul. L’\u00e9l\u00e9ment de support rigide est un tube carr\u00e9 ou un tube rond, qui peut r\u00e9sister \u00e0 la tension et \u00e0 la pression.<\/p>\n

2. le support central :<\/strong>le syst\u00e8me de support central de la charpente m\u00e9tallique est l’un des syst\u00e8mes de r\u00e9sistance aux forces lat\u00e9rales les plus couramment utilis\u00e9s pour les structures m\u00e9talliques de grande hauteur. Il est actuellement utilis\u00e9 dans les structures des immeubles de grande hauteur en tant que syst\u00e8me de structure sismique \u00e9conomique, \u00e9cologique et efficace.<\/p>\n

3. un soutien partial :<\/strong>Le support excentrique est relatif au support central, c’est-\u00e0-dire que l’axe de l’\u00e9l\u00e9ment de support ne converge pas avec l’axe de la poutre et du poteau, mais une partie de la section de la poutre est sp\u00e9cialement r\u00e9serv\u00e9e \u00e0 la dissipation d’\u00e9nergie, ce qui est principalement utilis\u00e9 dans les zones \u00e0 forte intensit\u00e9 de fortification sismique.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Articles connexes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La charpente m\u00e9tallique est un syst\u00e8me structurel qui utilise des poutres et des colonnes pour supporter les charges et r\u00e9sister aux forces lat\u00e9rales dans les directions longitudinales et transversales. Elle s’applique g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement aux petits immeubles de faible hauteur et aux grands immeubles de grande hauteur. Et parce que l’acier est un mat\u00c3\u00a9riau de construction tr\u00c3\u00a8s […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8459,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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